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In addition to ergonomic factors, psychosocial work characteristics have been linked to musculoskeletal disorders.
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Many dental health workers suffer from musculoskeletal disorders in the upper extremities. Comparison of the average hand strength of right-handed and left-handed subjects showed only minimal differences. The newer pinch gauge used in this study appears to read higher than that used in a previous normative study. A high correlation was seen between grip strength and age, but a low to moderate correlation between pinch strength and age. For tip, key, and palmar pinch the average scores were relatively stable from 20 to 59 years, with a gradual decline from 60 to 79 years. The highest grip strength scores occurred in the 25 to 39 age groups. This stratification provides a means of comparing the score of individual patients to that of normal subjects of the same age and sex. Right hand and left hand data were stratified into 12 age groups for both sexes. A sample of 310 male and 328 female adults, ages 20 to 94, from the seven-county Milwaukee area were tested using standardized positioning and instructions. A dynamometer was used to measure grip strength and a pinch gauge to measure tip, key, and palmar pinch. The primary purpose of this study was to establish clinical norms for adults aged 20 to 75+ years on four tests of hand strength. Also, the difference between the two groups was significant at the level of< 0.05 (p= 0.047). (mean difference for Group A, mean difference for group B). The results showed a significant improvement in palmar pinch strength in both the groups. The outcome measure was palmar pinch strength, which was evaluated by Pinchometer. The duration of intervention was for 30 minutes for 3 weeks. The subjects in Group A underwent exercises involving Power web and Resistive hand exerciser while Group B underwent exercises with Hand Putty. Hence the objective of this study is to identify and prevent the occurrence of wrist and hand related musculoskeletal problem in budding dental professionals by providing early intervention by assessing the pinch strength and to rule out the improvement of pinch strength after the exercise program. An important risk factor for these disorders is forceful pinching. Up to 40% of dentists and nearly 75% of dental hygienists experience frequent hand pain and wrist pain. Hand and wrist pain are more prevalent among dental professionals than the general public, due to the sustained grips and prolonged awkward postures throughout the day.